Concolor Fir (Abies concolor) – A Hardy, Silver-Blue Evergreen
Concolor Fir, also known as White Fir, is a medium to large evergreen tree native to the western United States. It is valued for its soft, silver-blue needles, symmetrical conical shape, and adaptability to a range of growing conditions. This cold-hardy, drought-resistant fir is commonly used in landscaping, Christmas tree farms, and reforestation projects.
Foliage (Needles): Soft, flat, silvery-blue to bluish-green needles, 1½ to 3 inches long. Arranged spirally along the branches, often curving upward. Releases a citrus-like fragrance when crushed.
Height & Spread: Grows 40 to 70 feet tall (can reach over 100 feet in natural forests). Spreads 15 to 30 feet wide, forming a dense, pyramidal shape.
Growth Habit: Moderate growth rate, adding about 12 to 24 inches per year. Strong, symmetrical branching makes it a popular ornamental tree.
Cones & Seeds: Produces upright, barrel-shaped cones, 3 to 5 inches long. Cones start green to purple, turning brown as they mature. Unlike many conifers, cones disintegrate while still attached to the tree, releasing seeds.
Bark: Smooth, grayish bark when young. Becomes thicker, rough, and furrowed with age, developing a light brown to gray color.
Roots: Deep, strong root system, making it wind-resistant and drought-tolerant.
Habitat & Range: Native to mountainous regions of the western United States, from the Rocky Mountains to the Sierra Nevada. Prefers well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral soils. Grows well in cool, dry climates, tolerating heat, drought, and pollution better than other firs.
Wildlife Benefits: Provides shelter for birds and small mammals. Seeds are eaten by squirrels, chipmunks, and birds. Deer-resistant due to its aromatic needles.
Unique Among Firs: One of the most drought-tolerant fir species, making it suitable for drier climates. Longer needles than most firs, giving it a more feathery, elegant look.
Citrus-Scented Needles: The needles release a lemony-orange fragrance when crushed, unlike the typical balsam scent of other firs.
Excellent for Christmas Trees & Landscaping: Popular as a Christmas tree due to its soft needles, pleasant scent, and excellent needle retention. Used in parks and large landscapes for its ornamental appeal and strong structure.
Growing Concolor Fir: Best for landscapes, windbreaks, and ornamental plantings. Thrives in full sun, preferring well-drained, loamy or sandy soils. Highly drought-tolerant once established. Resistant to pollution, making it suitable for urban environments. Rarely needs pruning due to its naturally symmetrical shape.
